Orthoclase is a variety of potassium feldspar. As a rock-forming mineral, it is included in the composition of granites, syenites, and also in the composition of some gneisses and effusives. Used to make porcelain. Jewelers sometimes use faceted translucent orthoclase specimens in their pieces.
You can see orthoclase stone for sale and buy it in the Minerals of Russia online store.
General | |
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Category | Silicate mineral |
Formula (repeating unit) |
KAlSi3O8 |
IMA symbol | Or |
Strunz classification | 9.FA.30 |
Crystal system | Monoclinic |
Crystal class | Prismatic (2/m) (same H-M symbol) |
Space group | C2/m |
Identification | |
Color | Colorless, greenish, greyish yellow, white, pink |
Crystal habit | Can be anhedral or euhedral. Grains are commonly elongate with a tabular appearance. |
Twinning | Typically displays Carlsbad twinning. Baveno and manebach twins have also been reported in orthoclase. |
Cleavage | Has perfect cleavage on {001} and good cleavage on {010}. Cleavages intersect at 90°. It can be difficult to see cleavage in thin section due to orthoclase's low relief. |
Fracture | Uneven |
Mohs scale hardness | 6 (defining mineral) |
Luster | Vitreous, pearly on cleavage surfaces |
Streak | White |
Diaphaneity | Transparent to translucent |
Specific gravity | 2.55–2.63 |
Optical properties | Biaxial (-), 2V = 65–75 |
Refractive index | nα = 1.518–1.520 nβ = 1.522–1.524 nγ = 1.522–1.525 |
Birefringence | 0.0050–0.0060 |
Dispersion | Relatively strong |
Extinction | Parallel to cleavage |
Length fast/slow | No slow or fast length |
Diagnostic features | Distinguishable from microcline by a lack in gridiron twinning. Distinguishable from sanidine by a larger 2Vx. |
Other characteristics | Low negative relief; Alters to sericite or clay (commonly) |