Ilmenite is a mineral of variable composition, also called titanium iron ore, first described in 1827 in Russia, in the Ilmensky mountains, where it forms large deposits. Ilmenite crystals are complex rhomboedic or lamellar, usually distorted. It also forms solid masses. Ilmenite free of impurities is non-magnetic at ordinary temperatures. When the content of iron oxide in it is more than 25%, it becomes magnetic. It is a valuable raw material for the production of titanium. Ilmenite is found in large quantities in the soil of the moon.
You can see ilmenite stone for sale and buy it in the Minerals of Russia online store.
General | |
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Category | Oxide mineral |
Formula (repeating unit) |
iron titanium oxide, FeTiO3 |
IMA symbol | Ilm |
Strunz classification | 4.CB.05 |
Dana classification | 04.03.05.01 |
Crystal system | Trigonal |
Crystal class | Rhombohedral (3) H-M symbol: (3) |
Space group | R3 (no. 148) |
Unit cell | a = 5.08854(7) c = 14.0924(3) [Å]: Z = 6 |
Identification | |
Color | Iron-black; gray with a brownish tint in reflected light |
Crystal habit | Granular to massive and lamellar exsolutions in hematite or magnetite |
Twinning | {0001} simple, {1011} lamellar |
Cleavage | absent; parting on {0001} and {1011} |
Fracture | Conchoidal to subconchoidal |
Tenacity | Brittle |
Mohs scale hardness | 5–6 |
Luster | Metallic to submetallic |
Streak | Black |
Diaphaneity | Opaque |
Specific gravity | 4.70–4.79 |
Optical properties | Uniaxial (–) |
Birefringence | Strong; O = pinkish brown, E = dark brown (bireflectance) |
Other characteristics | weakly magnetic |