Pectolite is a mineral that forms tabular and acicular crystals, as well as radial-fibrous, columnar, spherulitic aggregates and massive formations. It occurs in nepheline syenites, in hydrothermal cavities of basalts and diabases, and in calcium-rich metamorphic rocks.
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General | |
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Category | Inosilicate mineral |
Formula (repeating unit) |
NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
IMA symbol | Pct |
Crystal system | Triclinic |
Crystal class | Pinacoidal (1) (same H-M symbol) |
Space group | P1 |
Unit cell | a = 7.99 Å, b = 7.03 Å, c = 7.03 Å; α = 90.51°, β = 95.21°, γ = 102.53°; Z = 2 |
Identification | |
Color | Colorless, whitish, grayish, yellowish |
Crystal habit | Tabular to acicular, radiating fibrous, spheroidal, or columnar; massive |
Twinning | Twin axis [010] with composition plane [100], common |
Cleavage | Perfect on {100} and {001} |
Fracture | Uneven |
Tenacity | Brittle; tough when compact |
Mohs scale hardness | 4.5 - 5 |
Luster | Silky, subvitreous |
Streak | White |
Diaphaneity | Translucent to opaque |
Specific gravity | 2.84 - 2.90 |
Optical properties | Biaxial (+) |
Refractive index | nα = 1.594 - 1.610 nβ = 1.603 - 1.614 nγ = 1.631 - 1.642 |
Birefringence | δ = 0.037 |
2V angle | Measured: 50° to 63°, Calculated: 42° to 60° |
Dispersion | r > v weak to very strong |