Biotite is a widespread mineral (up to 3% of the earth's crust), potassium-aluminum-magnesium-iron-containing variety of mica.
You can see biotite stone for sale and buy it in the Minerals of Russia online store.
General | |
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Category | Phyllosilicate |
Formula (repeating unit) |
K(Mg,Fe)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2 |
IMA symbol | Bt |
Crystal system | Monoclinic |
Crystal class | Prismatic (2/m) (same H-M symbol) |
Space group | C2/m |
Identification | |
Color | Dark brown, greenish-brown, blackish-brown, yellow |
Crystal habit | Massive to platy |
Twinning | Common on the [310], less common on the {001} |
Cleavage | Perfect on the {001} |
Fracture | Micaceous |
Tenacity | Brittle to flexible, elastic |
Mohs scale hardness | 2.5–3.0 |
Luster | Vitreous to pearly |
Streak | White |
Diaphaneity | Transparent to translucent to opaque |
Specific gravity | 2.7–3.3 |
Optical properties | Biaxial (-) |
Refractive index | nα = 1.565–1.625 nβ = 1.605–1.675 nγ = 1.605–1.675 |
Birefringence | δ = 0.03–0.07 |
Pleochroism | Strong |
Dispersion | r < v (Fe rich); r > v weak (Mg rich) |
Ultraviolet fluorescence | None |
Major varieties | |
Manganophyllite | K(Fe,Mg,Mn)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 |